The population of Howrah as per 2019 and in terms of estimates is 1.896 Million + 0.1112 Million = 2.0072 Million. The Darjeeling Himalayan Hill region experiences a harsh winter, with occasional snowfall. [211], Some of the notable schools in the city are: Ramakrishna Mission Narendrapur, Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission, Sister Nivedita Girls' School, Hindu School, Hare School, La Martiniere Calcutta, Calcutta Boys' School, St. James' School (Kolkata), South Point School, St. Xavier's Collegiate School, and Loreto House, Loreto Convent, Asansol some of which rank amongst the best schools in the country. In all Hindu form majority religion in 16 out of 19 districts of West Bengal state. [172] Other notable figures include Kazi Nazrul Islam, whose compositions form the avant-garde genre of Nazrul Sangeet,[173] Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, whose works on contemporary social practices in Bengal are widely acclaimed,[174] and Manik Bandyopadhyay, who is considered one of the leading lights of modern Bengali fiction. Dinhata is a Municipality city in district of Koch Bihar, West Bengal. Hinduism is the largest religious tradition in the Indian state of West Bengal with approximately 70.54% of the population identifying themselves as Hindus (as of 2011). Just like Durga Puja, Christmas in Kolkata is an occasion when all communities and people of every religion take part. [232][233] All India Radio is a public radio station. West Bengal has a long tradition of folk literature, evidenced by the Charyapada, a collection of Buddhist mystic songs dating back to the 10th and 11th centuries; Mangalkavya, a collection of Hindu narrative poetry composed around the 13th century; Shreekrishna Kirtana, a pastoral Vaishnava drama in verse composed by Boru Chandidas; Thakurmar Jhuli, a collection of Bengali folk and fairy tales compiled by Dakshinaranjan Mitra Majumder; and stories of Gopal Bhar, a court jester in medieval Bengal. The Ganges delta and the Sundarbans area have numerous rivers and creeks. 2018 – 95.8992 Million. [26] According to the Indian epic Mahabharata the region was part of the Vanga Kingdom. The company gained the right to collect revenue in Bengal subah (province) in 1765 with the signing of the treaty between the East India company and the Mughal emperor following the Battle of Buxar in 1764. [124] The tourism industry of West Bengal was negatively impacted in 2017 because of the Gorkhaland agitation. [147] Surjapuri, a language considered to be a mix of Maithili and Bengali, is spoken across northern parts of the state. According to the 2014 electoral rolls, the electorate included 7,59,317 men, 7,07,604 women and 0 voters of the third gender. The Left Front, led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist), governed the state for the next three decades. The state capital is Kolkata, the third-largest metropolis, and seventh largest city by population in India. There is a gender disparity in school attendance in the 6 to 14-year age group, more girls than boys are attending school. [54] In 1950 the Princely State of Cooch Behar merged with West Bengal. Muslim Population in West Bengal is 2.47 Crore (27.01 percent) of total 9.13 Crore. [104], As of 2017, West Bengal is divided into 23 districts. Kazi Nazrul University was established in 2012. [206], Eid al-Fitr is the most important Muslim festival in West Bengal. This figure shows that the yearly population increase is of 0.43984 Million. [57], The state's economic recovery gathered momentum after the central government introduced economic liberalisations in the mid-1990s. Ferries are a principal mode of transport in the southern part of the state, especially in the Sundarbans area. The population of India is rising at alarming rate and this is why the country is known as the second most populous country in the world after China. The Marwari’s and Bihari people can actually be found in various corners of the state and also different indigenous Buddhist communities like Sherpas and ethnic Tibetans can be found around the hills of Darjeeling. [102] Prior to this, West Bengal was ruled by the Left Front for 34 years (1977–2011), making it the world's longest-running democratically elected communist government. The front entrance to the academic block of NUJS, Kolkata. [163], As of September 2017, of 125 towns and cities in Bengal, 76 have achieved open defecation free (ODF) status. [60][61] This became a decisive reason behind the defeat of the ruling Left Front government in the 2011 assembly election. Fort William College was established in 1810. Some contemporary directors include veterans such as: Buddhadeb Dasgupta, Tarun Majumdar, Goutam Ghose, Aparna Sen, and Rituparno Ghosh, and a newer pool of directors such as Kaushik Ganguly and Srijit Mukherji. Monsoons bring rain to the whole state from June to September. The high debt (34.8%) is the most challenging issue for West Bengal in comparison to Gujarat (16 %) in the financial year 2019. The state tourism department organises a gala Christmas Festival every year in Park Street. Will the Muslims, constituting 27% of the State’s population… [82] Damodar, another tributary of the Ganges and once known as the "Sorrow of Bengal" (due to its frequent floods), has several dams under the Damodar Valley Project. In terms of average, every year West Bengal adds around 0.447808 million people. [212] Many of the schools in Kolkata and Darjeeling are colonial-era establishments housed in buildings that are exemplars of neo-classical architecture. Universal suffrage is granted to residents. [125], However, over the years due to effective changes in the stance towards industrialisation, ease of doing business has improved in West Bengal. [45] The Bengal Presidency was established in 1765; it later incorporated all British-controlled territory north of the Central Provinces (now Madhya Pradesh), from the mouths of the Ganges and the Brahmaputra to the Himalayas and the Punjab. Singur Block in Hugli District of West Bengal. A leather complex has been built in Kolkata. Richard Maxwell Eaton, The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204–1760, 1993. 22% of women and 14% of men age 15–49 years have never attended school. [179][180], A notable music tradition is the Baul music, practised by the Bauls, a sect of mystic minstrels. [86], The "India State of Forest Report 2017", recorded forest area in the state is 16,847 km2 (6,505 sq mi),[87][88] while in 2013, forest area was 16,805 km2 (6,488 sq mi), which was 18.93% of the state's geographical area, compared to the then national average of 21.23%. [55], During the 1970s and 1980s, severe power shortages, strikes and a violent Marxist–Maoist movement by groups known as the Naxalites damaged much of the city's infrastructure, leading to a period of economic stagnation and deindustrialization. The Farakka barrage over the Ganges feeds the Hooghly branch of the river by a feeder canal. Today people of diverse religious and ethnic backgrounds partake in the festivities. Islam was introduced through trade with the Abbasid Caliphate, but following the Ghurid conquests led by Bakhtiyar Khalji and the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, the Muslim faith spread across the entire Bengal region. The movement had many adherents, including: Gaganendranath Tagore, Ramkinkar Baij, Jamini Roy and Rabindranath Tagore. [84] A cold and dry northern wind blows in the winter, substantially lowering the humidity level. Notable handloom saris include tant, jamdani, garad, korial, baluchari, tussar and muslin. [126][127][128] Steps are being taken to remedy this situation by promoting West Bengal as an investment destination. In contrast, the service sector has grown at a rate higher than the national rate. Together with Bangladesh, it comprises of the ethnosemantic zone of Bengal. This urban general constituency has an estimated Scheduled Caste population of 11.72% and a Scheduled Tribe population of 1.02%. [96] Above an elevation of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), the forest becomes predominantly subtropical. There are distinctive techniques for cooking fish dependent upon the surface, fat substance as well as the bones. Blocks consists of panchayats (village councils) and town municipalities. The leader of the party or coalition with a majority in the Legislative Assembly is appointed as the Chief Minister by the Governor. [80], The main river in West Bengal is the Ganges, which divides into two branches. Smart cities are being planned close to Kolkata, and major roadway projects are in the offing to revive the economy. [233] Vodafone, Airtel, BSNL, Jio, Reliance Communications, Uninor, Aircel, MTS India, Idea Cellular and Tata DoCoMo are available cellular phone providers. [107], The capital and largest city of the state is Kolkata—the third-largest urban agglomeration[108] and the seventh-largest city[109] in India. One branch enters Bangladesh as the Padma, or Pôdda, while the other flows through West Bengal as the Bhagirathi River and Hooghly River. [79] The narrow Terai region separates the hills from the North Bengal plains, which in turn transitions into the Ganges delta towards the south. Different festivals are in like way are celebrated in the form of Eid, Laxmi Puja, Christmas, and others. The famous festival is undoubtedly Durga Puja and it is commended in the month of September-October. [118]:20 Kolkata is the headquarters of three zones of the Indian Railways—Eastern Railway and South Eastern Railway and the Kolkata Metro, which is the newly formed 17th zone of the Indian Railways. [245] The stadium hosted the final match of the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup. As of December 2018, the Member of Parliament from Bishnupur was: Khan Saumitra (TMC) . The state has a rich legacy of handloom weaving and produces some of the best sorts of cotton and silk sarees in the nation. [176] Other writers include: Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, best known for his work Pather Panchali; Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, well known for his portrayal of the lower strata of society;[177] Manik Bandopadhyay, a pioneering novelist; and Ashapurna Devi, Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay, Saradindu Bandopadhyay, Buddhadeb Guha, Mahashweta Devi, Samaresh Majumdar, Sanjeev Chattopadhyay, Shakti Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb Basu,[178] Joy Goswami and Sunil Gangopadhyay. The western plateau region has rivers like the Damodar, Ajay and Kangsabati. [52] Bengalis played a major role in the Indian independence movement, in which revolutionary groups such as Anushilan Samiti and Jugantar were dominant. [230] Ananda Bazar Patrika, published in Kolkata with 1,277,801 daily copies, has the largest circulation for a single-edition, regional language newspaper in India. [89] Reserves and protected and unclassed forests constitute 59.4%, 31.8% and 8.9%, respectively, of forested areas, as of 2009. In August 2016 the West Bengal Legislative Assembly passed another resolution to change the name of West Bengal to "Bengal" in English and "Bangla" in Bengali. Hinduism constitutes 70.54% of West Bengal population. [120], Years after independence, West Bengal is dependent on the central government for help in meeting its demands for food; food production remained stagnant, and the Indian green revolution bypassed the state. The city of Kolkata in the state is growing at a faster rate in terms of infrastructure with numerous franchises opening up their stores and many big malls are slated to be made here. Beginning in the mid-2000s, armed activists conducted minor terrorist attacks in some parts of the state. Jhargram Election Results 2019 @ 8:33 AM: The votes counting has begun and all eyes are on the Jhargham constituency. This rural scheduled caste constituency has an estimated Scheduled Caste population of 31.4% and a Scheduled Tribe population of 7.01%. [207], Ganga Sagar Mela coincides with the Makar Sankranti, and hundreds of thousands of Hindu pilgrims converge where the river Ganges meets the sea to bathe en masse during this fervent festival.[206]. Bengali dance forms draw from individual’s customs, particularly those of the ancestral tribal community and furthermore the more extensive Indian dance traditions. Only 14% of women aged 15–49 years in West Bengal have completed 12 or more years of schooling, compared with 22% of men. [216] Sir William Jones established the Asiatic Society in 1794 to promote oriental studies. Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan (VYBK), is a multipurpose stadium in Kolkata, with a current capacity of 85,000. West Bengal, unlike most other states of India, is noted for its passion and patronage of football. It is a rural constituency with an approximate literacy rate of 76.35%. Bengali 24-hour television news channels include ABP Ananda, News18 Bangla, Tara Newz, Kolkata TV, News Time, Zee 24 Ghanta, Mahuaa Khobor, CTVN Plus, Channel 10 and R Plus. [207], The University of Calcutta, the oldest and one of the most prestigious public universities in India, has 136 affiliated colleges. Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport, India's first private sector airport, serves the twin cities of Asansol-Durgapur at Andal, Paschim Bardhaman. A notable tree from the Sundarbans is the ubiquitous sundari (Heritiera fomes), from which the forest gets its name. The Council of Ministers reports to the Legislative Assembly. In most of the state, cycle rickshaws and in Kolkata, hand-pulled rickshaws and electric rickshaws are used for short-distance travel. [185], West Bengali films are shot mostly in studios in the Kolkata neighbourhood of Tollygunge; the name "Tollywood" (similar to Hollywood and Bollywood) is derived from that name. 2019 – 96.33904 Million. [129] West Bengal has been able to attract 2% of the foreign direct investment in the last decade.[130]. The Koch dynasty in northern Bengal flourished during the 16th and 17th centuries; it weathered the Mughals and survived until the advent of the British colonial era. The economy of West Bengal is the sixth-largest state economy in India.In 2018–19, its public debt stood at ₹ 4.0 lakh crore (US$56 billion) or 33% of GSDP. Ross Mallick. [202], Durga Puja is the biggest, most popular and widely celebrated festival in West Bengal. Darjeeling is a Lok Sabha / Parliamentary constituency in of West Bengal and is located in Central India. [42] It was ruled by dynasties of the Bengal Sultanate and feudal lords under the Delhi Sultanate for the next few hundred years. In Darjeeling, which is above 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), temperate forest trees like oaks, conifers and rhododendrons predominate. [83], West Bengal's climate varies from tropical savanna in the southern portions to humid subtropical in the north. (estimated). The region was a hotbed of the Indian independence movement and has remained one of India's great artistic and intellectual centres. It has hosted many national and international sporting events like the SAF Games of 1987 and the 2011 FIFA friendly football match between Argentina and Venezuela featuring Lionel Messi. From the 3rd to the 6th centuries CE, the kingdom of Magadha served as the seat of the Gupta Empire. [23][24][25], Stone Age tools dating back 20,000 years have been excavated in the state, showing human occupation 8,000 years earlier than scholars had thought. 6,43,85,550. Bengalis, consisting of Bengali Hindus, Bengali Muslims, Bengali Christians and a few Bengali Buddhists, comprise the majority of the population. [213], West Bengal has eighteen universities. [231], Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Refugee resettlement and related issues continued to play a significant role in the politics and socio-economic condition of the state. [12] Today, the economy of West Bengal is the sixth-largest state economy in India with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹12.54 lakh crore (US$180 billion),[3] and has the country's 23rd-highest GSDP per capita of ₹115,748 (US$1,600). Pandals are erected in various cities, towns, and villages throughout West Bengal. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 344 which is 8.35 % of total population … [77][78], West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India, stretching from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south. [115] The state's per capita income has lagged the all India average for over two decades. The western part went to the Dominion of India and was named West Bengal. Kharisha is a Census Town city in district of Purba Medinipur, West Bengal. It is home to indigenous innate Adivasis, for example, Santhal and Toto tribe. In urban areas, many women and men wear western attire. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport is a hub for flights to and from Bangladesh, East Asia, Nepal, Bhutan and north-east India. [90] Part of the world's largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans in southern West Bengal. All are important cultural events. It is the largest stadium in India by seating capacity. Among men, western dress has greater acceptance. Population of India 2019- India Population 2019, Most Populated States. [27] Several Vedic realms were present in the Bengal region, including Vanga, Rarh, Pundravardhana and the Suhma Kingdom. Basirhat is a Lok Sabha / Parliamentary constituency in South East Bengal region of West Bengal in East India. [41], Subsequent Muslim conquests helped spread Islam throughout the region. There are couples of ethnic minorities fundamentally in the capital city of Kolkata, including Chinese, Punjabi’s, and Parsis. A small coastal region is in the extreme south, while the Sundarbans mangrove forests form a geographical landmark at the Ganges delta. C. V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery (Raman Effect) done at the IACS. Their social reforms eventually led to a cultural atmosphere that made it possible for practices like sati, dowry, and caste-based discrimination, or untouchability, to be abolished. [121] The state's total financial debt stood at ₹1,918,350 million (US$27 billion) as of 2011. ", "Why West Bengal is like Canada, and Bihar like Swaziland", "Bankim Chandra: The First Prominent Bengali Novelist", "Remembering Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, the 'Awara Masiha, "Manik Bandopadhyay Taking the road less travelled", "Folk & Culture : Purulia, Famous Folk Dance "Chau, "contemporaryart-india – Art History: Bengal Region", "Development of freshwater fish farming and poverty alleviation: A case study from Bangladesh", "Bengalis relish hilsa fish as imports of the Bangladeshi delicacy grow", "Resurrected, the kathi roll – Face-off resolved, Nizam's set to open with food court", "Durga Puja in India: Largest Open Air Art Expo", "Foreign bloggers and travel writers soak in Kolkata's festive spirit – Times of India", "In photos: Glimpses of a Bengali Christmas on Kolkata's Park Street", "Boards of secondary & senior secondary education in India", "UGC recognised Universities in West Bengal with NAAC accreditation status", "West Bengal University of Health Sciences", "Vidyasagar college history, Glory and evolution", "Visva-Bharati: Facts and Figures at a Glance", "NAAC accredited higher educational institution s in West Bengal", "University Grants commission ::Centre with Potential for Excellence in Particular Area", "Some of the distinguished alumni of the University of Calcutta", "Bengali News Channel took 5 months to reach no.1 position", "The Indian Telecom Services Performance Indicator Report April–June 2017", "Kolkata-football infrastructure is from-the past century", "Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan (VYBK), Kolkata", "Lionel Messi arrives in Kolkata for friendly match against Venezuela", "Poverty and social development in west bengal", "Memoirs of the Revolution in Bengal, Anno Domini 1757", Revolutionary movement for Indian independence, List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, List of cities in West Bengal by population, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Bengal&oldid=999930024, Bengali-speaking countries and territories, English-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1947, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Bengali-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [111], As of 2015[update], West Bengal has the sixth-highest GSDP in India. He murdered Rajyavardhana, the Buddhist king of Thanesar, and is noted for destroying the Bodhi tree at Bodhgaya, and replacing Buddha statues with Shiva lingams. [123] Many major industries such as the Uttarpara Hindustan Motors car manufacturing unit, the jute industry, and the Haldia Petrochemicals unit experienced shutdowns in 2014. The city of Kolkata undergoes a transformation during Durga Puja. Here you can find the Population of Indian states in 2019. [2] Bengalis, consisting of Bengali Hindus, Bengali Muslims, Bengali Christians and a few Bengali Buddhists, comprise the majority of the population. School attendance is almost Secondary schools are affiliated with the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), the National Institute of Open School (NIOS), West Bengal Board of Secondary Education, or the West Bengal Board of Madrasah Education. [94] The alluvial soil of the Gangetic plain, combined with favourable rainfall, makes this region especially fertile. [63][64][65] The state has shown improvement regarding bandhs (strikes)[66][67][68] and educational infrastructure. The Kharisha Census Town has population of 4,120 of which 2,088 are males while 2,032 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. The Vidyasagar College was established in 1872 and was the first purely Indian-run private college in India. A shorter reign of the Hindu Sena dynasty followed. Bengali dance forms draw from folk traditions, especially those of the tribal groups, as well as the broader Indian dance traditions. 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