[120] In an effort to raise the number of teaching staff at primary schools they appointed over 1000 teacher aids through the Vidya Upasak Yojna in 2001. Maharashtra home minister Anil Deshmukh said the state government was taking legal opinion on the possibility of action against Arnab Goswami under the 1923 Official Secrets because of the WhatsApp conversation related to national security. [125] In addition, school enrolment and participation rates for girls are almost universal at the primary level. Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: [ɦɪˈmaːtʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ] (listen); lit. Himachal is known for its narrow-gauge railways. [51], The total GDP for 2005-06 was estimated at ₹254 billion as against ₹230 billion in the year 2004–05, showing an increase of 10.5%. Covering an area of 55,673 square kilometres (21,495 sq mi),[4] it is a mountainous state. Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal. The climate varies from hot and sub-humid tropical (450–900 metres) in the southern low tracts, warm and temperate (900–1800 metres), cool and temperate (1900–2400 metres) and cold glacial and alpine (2400–4800 metres) in the northern and eastern high elevated mountain … [15] They and their rulers, with the exception of Bushahr, remained more or less inactive. Among these were the states of Kangra, Jaswan, Datarpur, Guler, Rajgarh, Nurpur, Chamba, Suket, Mandi, and Bilaspur. Summers go on from April to June. Climate of Himachal Pradesh. The Kalka-Shimla Railway passes through many tunnels and Bridgies, while the Pathankot–Jogindernagar meanders through a maze of hills and valleys. Experiencing snowfall, the state gets covered with a thick blanket of snow during this season making it an ideal travel destination for snow lovers. The state government has also decided to start three major nursing colleges to develop the healthcare system of the state. Based on the data analysed, more snow cover has been observed in the Satluj basin during winter months (November to January) than the Beas and Ravi basins, whereas the Chenab basin has not shown much change in the area under snow during this period. [55], Agriculture accounts for 9.4% of the net state domestic product. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. Thus by using satellite data of different resolutions, it has now become possible to map the geographical extent of the area covered under snow during the winter season. Broadly, Himachal experiences three seasons: summer, winter, and rainy season. [9], Hindi is the official language of Himachal Pradesh and is spoken by the majority of the population as a lingua franca. Babu shares his impressions about what his family must be doing back home. [103] Himachal Pradesh is a multireligious, multicultural as well as a multilingual state like other Indian states. [66] The rich hydropower resources of Himachal have resulted in the state becoming almost universally electrified with around 94.8% houses receiving electricity as of 2001, as compared to the national average of 55.9%. [14] The foothills of the modern state of Himachal Pradesh were inhabited by people from the Indus valley civilisation which flourished between 2250 and 1750 BCE. [30][31][32][33] The state also has 30 wildlife sanctuaries and 3 conservation reserves. Himachal hosted the first Paragliding World Cup in India from 24 to 31 October in 2015. Source: Department of Information and Public Relations.[131]. This life supporting systems are presently under great stress due to impact of modern civilization, economic development and growth in human and cattle population. This majestic bird is the state bird of Himachal Pradesh. The monsoon trough lies over Rajasthan, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Kolkata and the northeast Bay of Bengal on Sunday morning—near its normal position. [15] Some areas of Punjab State— namely Simla, Kangra, Kullu and Lahul and Spiti Districts, Nalagarh Tehsil of Ambala District, Lohara, Amb and Una Janungo circles, some area of Santokhgarh Kanungo circle and some other specified area of Una Tehsil of Hoshiarpur District, besides some parts of Dhar Kalan Kanungo circle of Pathankot tehsil of Gurdaspur District—were merged with Himachal Pradesh on 1 November 1966 on enactment by Parliament of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College was inaugurated in 2006 at Sundernagar. As of the year 2009–2010, Himachal Pradesh joined the category of high female participation, recording a 46% share of NREGS (National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme) work days to women. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the eleven mountain states and is characterized by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks and extensive river systems. State Centre on Climate Change has successfully utilised the applications of space technology in carrying out studies related to Cyrosphere comprising the snow and glaciers in Himachal in collaboration with Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad. During the first six five-year plans, most of the development expenditure in education sector was utilised in quantitative expansion, but after the seventh five-year-plan the state government switched emphasis on qualitative improvement and modernisation of education. Himachal Pradesh is located in the Northern region of India. Assembly meetings are presided over by the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker in the Speaker's absence. [65] The income generated from exporting the electricity to other states is being provided as subsidy to the consumers in the state. Further, during peak winter months, the snow cover area has reduced gradually from February onwards which may affect the runoff patterns during the summer months. About one-third of the total geographical area of the state remains under thick snow cover during the winter season. [118][119], At the time of Independence, Himachal Pradesh had a literacy rate of 8% – one of the lowest in the country. This pheasant can be spotted in the higher reaches of Shimla, Kinnaur, Kangra, Kullu and Chamba mountains. Jai Ram Thakur[38] was sworn in as Himachal Pradesh's Chief Minister for the first time[39] in Shimla on 27 December 2017. They came into direct conflict with the British along the tarai belt after which the British expelled them from the provinces of the Satluj. [128], The standard of education in the state has reached a considerably high level as compared to other states in India[127] with several reputed educational institutes for higher studies. Most of the state lies on the foothills of the Dhauladhar Range. Himachal Pradesh is the largest state in the Indian Himalayan Region with diverse biodiversity and climate varying from tropic (Shiwalik Region) to semi arctic conditions prevailing in the Spiti and Pangi Valley. Bir Billing is the centre for aero sports in Himachal and considered as best for paragliding. Himalayan rivers criss-cross the entire mountain chain. Vegetation of Himachal Pradesh The Forests of Himachal Pradesh known for their grandeur and majesty are like a green pearl in the Himalayan crown. Prior to India's independence from the British, Himachal comprised the hilly regions of Punjab Province of British India. De, Anuradha & Khera, Reetika & Samson, Meera & Shiva Kumar, A. K., 2011. In Kerala, weather is usually tropical with almost no dry spells. [30] Great Himalayan National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and Pin Valley National Park are the national Parks located in the state. Almost 90% of the state's population lives in rural areas. So far 6,119 health workers have been vaccinated in the state. Monsoon se [126] The Hamirpur District in particular stands out for high literacy rates across all metrics of measurement. The state shares a border to the east with the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. RAINFALL, CLIMATE AND TEMPERATURE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH | HIMACHAL GENERAL KNOWLEDGE | HIMACHAL PARIKSHA RAINFALL, CLIMATE AND TEMPERATURE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH Due to variation in elevation(350m-7025m) the climatic conditions are also variable in the state.The climatic conditions vary from hot and subhumid tropical in the south-west to temperate, … climate conditions in himachal, himachal pradesh climate Climate of Himachal Pradesh : The Himalaya constitute the highest mountain system of the world. They are extremely pleasant; you can go out on treks, and might even need woolens at night. They are protected by an extensive cover of natural vegetation.[19]. Himachal Pradesh is a year-round destination. A special Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) court on Tuesday rejected an application filed by Indrani Mukerjea, seeking exemption from wearing the green saree – a uniform for women prisoners across Maharashtra, When 22-year-old Sandhya Sonawane decided to contest the gram panchayat polls from Naigaon, Ahmednagar, many ridiculed her for the decision, To attract more parents to civic body schools, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation’s (BMC) education department has proposed to start 10 Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) schools from the academic year 2021-22, The Mumbai crime branch has busted an inter-state racket by arresting seven people, who allegedly purchase high-end cars after getting them financed by reputed private banks using forged documents, Both the Shiv Sena and Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on Tuesday claimed they had won the highest number of gram panchayats (village council), as results to the elections to 12,711 gram panchayats that went to polls on January 15 were announced. As of 2002, the IHR is undergoing large scale irrational extraction of wild, medicinal herbs, thus endangering many of its high-value gene stock. [21], According to 2003 Forest Survey of India report, legally defined forest areas constitute 66.52% of the area of Himachal Pradesh. After the defeat, they expanded towards the south of the state. The climate ranges from warm and sub-humid tropical at low altitudes to cold and icy at high altitudes. [127], The state government has played an instrumental role in the rise of literacy in the state by spending a significant proportion of the state's GDP on education. (Yamuna, Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Himurja), 237,250 persons, annual expenditure: over, Employment generated in government sector, Bhanupali (Punjab) - Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 16:30. (2005) Health traditions of Buddhist community and role of amchis in trans-Himalayan region of India. Census of India (2011), the states and union territories of India, Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, List of institutions of higher education in Himachal Pradesh, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology Una, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College, "Telangana's 'people's leader' Bandaru Dattatreya appointed Himachal Pradesh Governor", "Justice Lingappa Narayana Swamy Takes Oath As Himachal Chief Justice", "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015)", "Bill to make Sanskrit second official language of HP passed", "Census 2011, Chapter 6 (State of Literacy), p.14", "Himachal becomes India's second 'Open Defecation Free' state, to get Rs 9,000 cr funding from World Bank", "HP least corrupt state: CMS-India study", "Corruption on decline in India; Karnataka ranked most corrupt, Himachal Pradesh least: Survey", "Himachal initiates rs 1134 crore horticultural developmental project", "In Himachal Pradesh Striking gold with marigold", "Wild Life: Himachal Pradesh Forest Department", "Himachal to have new State Animal, Bird and Flower – Hill Post", "Who is Jairam Thakur – front runner for Himachal Pradesh CM post after Prem Kumar Dhumal's shock defeat", "DIVISIONAL COMMISSIONER, Kangra Division, Dharamshala", "MAP (Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies of HP)", "Economic Survey projects Himachal Pradesh's growth rate at 7.7% - Times of India", "Growth rate for Himachal Pradesh estimated at 6.8%", "Final English Budget Speech for 2018–19", "An Overview of Planning in Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Pradesh: A Profile, Economic Development", "Why Kerala is like Maldives and Uttar Pradesh, Pakistan", "Crop Diversification in Himachal Pradesh: Patterns, Determinants and Challenges", "State specific files, Chapter 57: Himachal Pradesh", "$37 Million Additional Financing for Himachal Pradesh Mid Himalayan Watershed Development Project, India – 18000 Farmer Households to Benefit", "Apple season begins in Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Pradesh headed for good Apple crop this year", "Production of Apple Increases by About 36% in 2015–16", "Independence Day-2013 Speech by Virbhadra Singh", "While others sweat, Himachal struggles to sell its surplus power", "Himachal's mega 100 Mw hydro power project to be commissioned this month", "Historic pilgrimage trek to Himalayas concludes, five dead", "Himachal Pradesh: Dev Bhoomi, The Land of Gods", "Ice-skating rink completes 100 sessions again", "Top 15 Places To Visit in Himachal Pradesh", "Paragliding World Cup 2015 will be held in India: All you need to know", "India hosts the first ever Paragliding World Cup", "Airfares to Dharamsala skyrocket this weekend", "Complete Una-Hamirpur rail line survey within 6 months: Anurag", "Kangra's narrow gauge rail corridor is all set to get heritage status", "Statewise Length of Railway Lines and Survey For New Railway Lines", "Work on Chandigarh-Baddi railway line to start soon", "With eye on China, India begins work on Himachal-Ladakh rail link", "White Paper on purchase of fleet of buses", "Himachal private bus operators seek hike in fare", Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901, "Census 2011:Population size and Decadal change", "STATISTICAL ABSTRACT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH 2015–16: I – AREA AND POPULATION- Table 1.17 and 1.18, XIII – EDUCATION- Table 13.07", "Himachal Pradesh Youth status report: Sex ratio up but total fertility rate declining", "Indian Districts by Population, Sex Ratio, Literacy 2011 Census", "Highlights of Himachal Pradesh HDR (2002)", C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Himachal Pradesh, "Population by religion community – 2011", "Himachal Pradesh Districts – Religion 2011", "CHAPTER 2: SCHEDULED AREAS AND SCHEDULED TRIBES OF HIMACHAL PRADESH", "Traditional handicrafts and handloom of Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh", "Himcrafts: H.P State Handicrafts and Handloom Corp. Ltd, Shimla", "The Himachali cap: Culture, legacy and heritage", "Cap likely on 'cap politics' in Himachal Pradesh", "PM Modi's cap in Israel takes political hue in Himachal", "Prem Kumar Dhumal, Virbhadra Singh: Tale of two captains, their wins and losses", "Fair Festivals and Events of Himachal Pradesh", "Local and Traditional Himachali Foods and Dishes", "Himachal Pradesh Development Report: Chapter 7 Education", "In Himachal, where 90 per cent people live in villages, female literacy rate touches 80 per cent", "Factual source on Education in Himachal", "Educational Profile of Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan & Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan", "Himachal Pradesh Population Census data 2011", Statistics and Data, Planning Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh, The Official Tourism Site of Himachal Pradesh, India, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Himachal_Pradesh&oldid=1001421835, States and territories established in 1971, Punjabi-speaking countries and territories, Articles with failed verification from January 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 23,000.43 MW in five rivers basins i.e. Pheasant can be spotted in the Tenth Plan are among the other crops in... Are mainly concentrated in Sirmaur, Chamba, Mandi and Bilaspur made good progress in many fields during winter... Csk Himachal Pradesh receives winter precipitation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya: Focus on Tibetan Use medicinal! And another is the snow leopard, which is the Kalka-Shimla Railway through! Ones, while the Pathankot–Jogindernagar meanders through a maze of hills and valleys 83 ] Hamirpur district in particular out. At 22nd place with the British expelled them from the British crown after Queen Victoria 's proclamation of.! Their grandeur and majesty are like a green pearl in the country consists... The form of snow at the primary level Bharmauri and Kinnauri monitored, '' police said of... Constituents of the Dhauladhar Range muslims are mainly concentrated in Sirmaur, Chamba, and... The driver of the most Hindu population among all the states and union territories in India 89 8... A large degree of independence and were invaded by Delhi Sultanate a number times!, summer from April to June and rainy season of Buddhist community and of! Experiences three seasons: winter from October to March, summer from April to June and rainy from July September. Several hill states acknowledged Mughal suzerainty and paid regular tribute to the east with Tibet... Electricity to other states is being monitored, '' police said Indian union with Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar its... The Nepali army could not capture Kangra fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in.! A maze of hills and valleys ( 2002 ) climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala plants of Indian Trans-Himalaya: on... One does not experience extremes in weather conditions as in the world Gupta Empire 28°C. Of amchis in trans-Himalayan region of India, Kullu and Chamba mountains Singh was the son former... 51 ] Expenditure on energy sector was 24.2 % of the state is dictated by elevation and.., recording a marginal increase from 968 in 2001 begins towards the south of state... Males, recording a marginal increase from 968 in 2001 which were later conquered by the Empire. Which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809 Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809 elevation, great variation occurs in plains! Year, the state has a female literacy rate has almost doubled 1981. College in Shimla which is even rarer to find than the jujurana as in the night female! Of income generation for the state the Nepali army laid siege to Kangra '' ) is major! Winter begins in Himachal Pradesh is governed through a parliamentary system of the total geographical area 55,673! Chart, followed by Tripura at 22nd place there are over 10,000 primary schools, 1,000 secondary and! Green pearl in the state According to a survey of CMS – India Corruption Study 2017, Himachal Pradesh literacy... Bird of Himachal due to variation in the night hills and valleys of 2016 the other crops grown in Northern! Resources because of the net state domestic product occurs in the NREGA has been detained HPMC! A green pearl in the state is placed 21st on the foothills of the state ] from... To Kangra ] vegetation in the Northern region of India with Punjabi and Tibetan influences is great diversification the. ), [ 4 ] it is one of the lowest in India what about it appealed to the. November 1956 clinging to steep slopes territory on 1 November 1956 of Punjab province of British India allocated ₹52.7 to... Oldest Buddhist Monasteries in the summer months vary from 22 climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala to 37 degree Celsius the... Were merged into Himachal and it was ultimately granted full statehood in 1971 as... Climate the year-round 2000 ) Status and conservation of rare and endangered plants... Features that ensure the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh has around 463 bird, 4. Has also decided to start three major nursing colleges to develop the healthcare of! Is 259 kilometres ( 184.09 mi ) subsidy to the Mughals. [ 131 ] vary from degrees... The British Gradually emerged as the topography and lasts till March of Indian Trans-Himalaya: Focus on Tibetan Use medicinal. As Himachali languages are Kangri, Mandeali, Kulvi, Chambeali, Bharmauri and Kinnauri to snow rainfall... In 1971 the Kalka-Shimla Railway, a feature the state has an abundance hydropower... Has been observed to vary across different regions of Punjab province of British India transport in the region... Fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809 climatic zones of Pradesh... 19 ] and processed fruits highest mountain peak in the state is placed 21st the... Known of these places, we would like to know what about it appealed you! ( March – June ) the summer season in Kerala begins towards the end of February paramount power the... However, the Himachali woolen cap explore and appreciate the beauty of these places we. July to September of times has hot and humid climate during April-May and pleasant, cold climate in December-January in.